Venus Project Foundation

Victims of Trafficking And
Violence Protection Act of 2000

Released by the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons

June 12, 2007

Letter from Secretary Condoleezza Rice

Dear Reader:

Two hundred years ago, the British Parliament outlawed the trans-Atlantic slave trade, culminating a decades-long struggle led by William Wilberforce.

Trafficking in persons is a modern-day form of slavery, a new type of global slave trade. Perpetrators prey on the most weak among us, primarily women and children, for profit and gain. They lure victims into involuntary servitude and sexual slavery. Today we are again called by conscience to end the debasement of our fellow men and women. As in the 19th century, committed abolitionists around the world have come together in a global movement to confront this repulsive crime. President George W. Bush has committed the United States Government to lead in combating this serious 21st century challenge, and all nations that are resolved to end human trafficking have a strong partner in the United States.

The seventh annual Trafficking in Persons Report documents efforts by foreign governments to prevent human trafficking, prosecute criminals, and protect their victims. The report probes even the darkest places, calling to account any country, friend or foe, that is not doing enough to combat human trafficking.

The power of shame has stirred many to action and sparked unprecedented reforms; and the growing awareness has prompted important progress in combating this crime and assisting its victims wherever they are found.

Defeating human trafficking is a great moral calling of our day. Together with our allies and friends, we will continue our efforts to bring this cruel practice to an end. Thank you for joining the new abolitionist movement. Together we can make a difference, and together we can build a safer, freer, and more prosperous world for all.

Sincerely,

Condoleezza Rice

Letter from Secretary Condoleezza Rice

Introduction
The 2007 Trafficking in Persons Report
Purpose
Human Trafficking Defined
The Scope and Nature of Modern-Day Slavery
Focus of the 2007 TIP Report
Methodology

Learning More: The Forms and Impact of Human Trafficking
Labor Trafficking
Bonded Labor
Involuntary Servitude
Debt Bondage and Involuntary Servitude Among Guest Workers
Involuntary Domestic Servitude
Forced Child Labor
Child Soldiers
Sex Trafficking and Prostitution
Children Exploited for Commercial Sex
Child Sex Tourism

Policy Approaches to Trafficking in Persons
Focusing on Forced Labor and Sex Trafficking
The Policy of Victim Rescue
The Myth of Movement
Health Impacts of Trafficking in Persons
HIV/AIDS and Trafficking in Persons
The Many Causes of Trafficking: Supply and Demand
The Greatest Challenge: Victim Protection
The Victim-Centered Approach

Topics of Special Interest
Random Factor in Transnational Trafficking
Servitude on the High Seas
Trafficking for Involuntary Domestic Servitude
Involuntary Domestic Servitude in Diplomatic Residences
Trafficking of Migrant Laborers: The Onus on Source Governments
Trafficking of East Asian Women through Brokered Marriages
Criminal Punishments for Sex Trafficking and Forced Labor: Seeking Parity
Child Soldiering: The Challenge of Holding Perpetrators Accountable
Confiscation of Travel and Identity Documents: A Trafficking Tool
Child Sex Tourism: Technology and Pornography
Debt Bondage in Prostitution
Sponsorship Laws and Forced Labor
West African Child Trafficking Victims and the Cocoa Industry
Barring the Import of Products Made with Slave Labor
The Plight of the Burmese

Global Law Enforcement Data

Commendable International Efforts

Heroes Acting To End Modern-Day Slavery

Tier Placements

U.S. Government Domestic Anti-Trafficking Efforts

Country Narratives

Special Cases

Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000

Stopping Human Trafficking, Sexual Exploitation, and Abuse by International Peacekeepers

Glossary of Acronyms

A Closing Note From the Drafters of the Report

PDF Version

Read More About
- Human Trafficking: Modern-day Slavery -

The Factbook on Global Sexual Slavery was compiled from media, non-governmental organization and government reports. It is an initial effort to collect facts, statistics and known cases on global sexual exploitation. Information is organized into four categories: Trafficking, Prostitution, Pornography, and Organized and Institutionalized Sexual Exploitation and Violence.

Sources were not contacted to verify information. Close examination will reveal that there are contradictions in information depending on the sources of information- � (ex: how many women are in prostitution in Thailand). All statistics are reported with no attempt to evaluate which numbers are more likely to be accurate. In fact, the exact numbers in many cases are not known and estimates come from different sources which use different methods to determine what they report.

We hope these facts will assist people to recognize the harm caused throughout the world by sexual violence and exploitation and catalyze action against this violence agianst women.

This project was made possible with the support of the College of Arts and Sciences, University of Rhode Island and the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD), Norway.

If you use this information in your work, please reference this factbook-- The Factbook on Global Sexual Exploitation, Donna M. Hughes, Laura Joy Sporcic, Nadine Z. Mendelsohn, Vanessa Chirgwin, Coalition Against Trafficking in Women, 1999.

Asia

- - - Southeast Asia - - - Southeast Asia and Pacific - - - Afghanistan - - - Armenia - - - Azerbaijan - - - Bangladesh - - - Bhutan - - - Brunei - - - Burma/Mynamar - - - China and Hong Kong - - - Cambodia - - - India - - - Indonesia - - - Japan - - - Korea - - - Macau - - - Malaysia - - - Maldives - - - Nepal - - - Pakistan - - - Philippines - - - Sri Lanka - - - Taiwan - - - Thailand - - - Turkey - - - Vietnam

Europe

- - - Europe - - - Central and Eastern Europe - - - Eastern Europe - - - Albania - - - Austria - - - Belarus - - - Belgium - - - Bosnia and Herzegovina - - - Bulgaria - - - Croatia - - - Czech Republic - - - Denmark - - - Finland - - - France - - - Germany - - - Greece - - - Hungary - - - Ireland - - - Italy - - - Netherlands - - - Norway - - - Poland - - - Romania - - - Russia - - - Slovak Republic - - - Spain - - - Sweden - - - Switzerland - - - Ukraine - - - United Kingdom - - - Yugoslavia

Oceania

- - - Australia - - - East Timor - - - New Zealand - - - Papua-New Guinea

Africa

- - - Algeria - - - Angola - - - Benin - - - Botswana - - - Burkina Faso - - - Cameroon - - - Ghana - - - Kenya - - - Liberia - - - Nigeria - - - Rwanda - - - South Africa - - - Sudan - - - Tanzania - - - Togo - - - Uganda - - - Zambia - - - Zimbabwe

Middle East

- - - Middle East - - - Egypt - - - Iran - - - Iraq - - - Israel - - - Jordan - - - Saudi Arabia - - - United Arab Emirates - - - Yemen

Central America and the Caribbean

- - - Latin America - - - Central America - - - Costa Rica - - - Cuba - - - Dominican Republic - - - Guatemala - - - Honduras - - - Suriname - - - Trinidad and Tobago

South America

- - - Argentina - - - Brazil - - - Columbia - - - Venezuela

North America

- - - Canada - - - Mexico - - - Marianas (USA) - - - United States

Factbook Table of Contents - �

Coalition Against Trafficking in Women
Factbook on Global Sexual Exploitation
Donna M. Hughes, Laura Joy Sporcic and Nadine Z. Mendelsohn

An Arab Islamic Country